Upakarma (Sanskrit for “beginning”) is a Vedic ritual practiced by Hindus
Ritual:
- Changing the Sacred Thread: During Upakarma, people ritually change their Yajnopavītam thread, also known as the sacred thread. This thread is worn across the chest and symbolizes their twice-born status (Dvija) after undergoing the Upanayana ceremony.
- Vedic Rites: The changing of the thread is accompanied by specific Vedic rituals performed by priests. These rituals might involve offerings to the rishis (sages) who composed the Vedas.
Timing:
- Annual Observance: Observed once a year during the Hindu month of Shravana (usually August-September).
- Specific Days: The exact day for Upakarma can vary depending on the Vedic tradition followed. Here are some examples:
- Rigveda: Observed on the day of Shravana nakshatra (lunar asterism) in the month of Shravana.
- Yajurveda: Observed on the full moon day (Purnima) of Shravana.
- Samaveda: Observed on the third day after the new moon (Amavasya) of Bhadrapada, which usually falls after Yajurveda and Rigveda Upakarma.
Significance:
- Renewal: Signifies a renewal of commitment to studying and practicing the Vedas.
- Gratitude: The rituals express gratitude to the rishis for their knowledge and contribution to the Vedas.
- Regional Names: Has various regional names, such as Avani Avittam (Tamil Nadu), Janivarada Hunnime (Kannada), and Shravana Purnima (other parts of India).
Additional Points:
- The day after Upakarma is sometimes dedicated to reciting the Gayatri Mantra a specific number of times, like 1008.